Ecological and economic aspects of sustainable development of land management in drainage urbanized territories

The studies is the transformation of the conditions of the catchment area during the development of new territories and the increase in anthropogenic load within the sanitary protection zone of the Tomsk underground water intake have been considered. A new integrated approach to the organization of rational land management and water use for sustainable development of the territories based on a balanced consideration of environmental, economic, and other factors was proposed

Randomized multicenter study on the plaque removal efficacy of 2 interdental brushes around the base of orthodontic brackets.

INTRODUCTION The objective of this multicenter study was to analyze the efficacy of cleaning 2 interdental brushes (IDBs) around brackets in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. METHODS The study design was a multicenter, randomized, examiner-blinded crossover study with 3 interventions, the first of which was a baseline intervention. This study included 20 patients (12 females, 8 males) aged 12-18 years with fixed orthodontic devices examined at the Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, and the Children's Dental Clinic St. Gallen. The outcome was a conventional, cylindrically shaped IDB (IDBG-S [IB]; Top Caredent GmbH, Schönau, Germany) was examined in comparison with an innovative waist-shaped IDB (Circum, CDB-8 [CB]; Top Caredent GmbH). The participants did not use the IDB themselves. The brushing procedure was performed professionally by 1 operator (C.E.). Each buccal tooth surface with a bracket was split into 8 areas, the main areas being 1 and 8. These main areas, which were difficult for toothbrushes to reach, were mesial (area 1) and distal (area 8) of the bracket edges in the gingival direction. Plaque index (PI) scores were assessed at 2 examinations before and after the cleaning procedure on 8 tooth surfaces in the area with orthodontic brackets. A computer-generated program randomly allocated the IDB sequence to the participants. Examiners (L.Z.-G. and Y.W.) assessing the outcomes were blinded to the intervention and the randomized allocation of participants to the different IDBs. RESULTS Both IDBs showed a plaque removal effect (CB, 0.68 [interquartile range, 0.63-0.77]; IB, 0.43 [interquartile range, 0.33-0.55]). The difference between the 2 IDB was statistically significant (P = 0.002). In particular, the CB yielded a higher plaque removal efficacy (CB effect, 0.68; IB effect, 0.21) at the main areas 1 and 8, which were difficult to reach. Ten participants were randomized to each sequence, and all 20 completed the study. No side effects or adverse events were reported or observed. CONCLUSION The waist-shaped brush head of the CB significantly enhanced plaque reduction in total and particularly in problem areas. REGISTRATION This trial was registered at the German Clinical Trials Registry (no. DRKS00014088; https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.xxdo?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00014088) PROTOCOL: The protocol was not published before trial commencement. FUNDING This study was supported by the manufacturer Top Caredent GmbH, Schönau, Germany, which provided all interdental brushes used in this study

Early loading of plalatal implants (ortho-type II) a prospective multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In orthodontic treatment, anchorage control is a fundamental aspect. Usually conventional mechanism for orthodontic anchorage control can be either extraoral or intraoral that is headgear or intermaxillary elastics. Their use are combined with various side effects such as tipping of occlusal plane or undesirable movements of teeth. Especially in cases, where key-teeth are missing, conventional anchorage defined as tooth-borne anchorage will meet limitations. Therefore, the use of endosseous implants for anchorage purposes are increasingly used to achieve positional stability and maximum anchorage.</p> <p>Methods/Design</p> <p>The intended study is designed as a prospective, multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT), comparing and contrasting the effect of early loading of palatal implant therapy versus implant loading after 12 weeks post implantation using the new ortho-implant type II anchor system device (Orthosystem Straumann, Basel, Switzerland).</p> <p>124 participants, mainly adult males or females, whose diagnoses require temporary stationary implant-based anchorage treatment will be randomized 1:1 to one of two treatment groups: group 1 will receive a loading of implant standard therapy after a healing period of 12 week (gold standard), whereas group 2 will receive an early loading of orthodontic implants within 1 week after implant insertion. Participants will be at least followed for 12 months after implant placement.</p> <p>The primary endpoint is to investigate the behavior of early loaded palatal implants in order to find out if shorter healing periods might be justified to accelerate active orthodontic treatment. Secondary outcomes will focus e.g. on achievement of orthodontic treatment goals and quantity of direct implant-bone interface of removed bone specimens. As tertiary objective, a histologic and microtomography evaluation of all retrieved implants will be performed to obtain data on the performance of the SLA surface in human bone evaluation of all retrieved implants. Additionally, resonance frequency analysis (RFA, Osstell™ mentor) will be used at different times for clinically monitoring the implant stability and for histological comparison in order to measure the reliability of the resonance frequency measuring device.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p>Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN97142521.</p

АНАЛИЗ МЕТОДОВ И СРЕДСТВ ОЦЕНКИ ТЕМПЕРАТУРЫ И ВЛАЖНОСТИ ЗЕРНА ПРИ ЕГО ДЛИТЕЛЬНОМ ХРАНЕНИИ

В работе описывается основные факторы, влияющие на качество зерна при его хранении. А также методы контроля их с помощью приборов

Interradicular trabecular bone density of the lateral maxilla for temporary anchorage devices : a histomorphometric study

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the interradicular trabecular bone density of the lateral maxilla regarding the insertion of temporary anchorage devices (TADs). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The material consisted of tissue blocks of autopsy material from 20 subjects (17 male, 3 female, 16 - 63y). The specimens comprised the dentated alveolar bone of the lateral maxilla. The interradicular areas (IRA) from canine to distally of the second molar (IRA 3-4, 4-5, 5-6, 6-7, 7d) were histomorphometrically measured with respect to the hard tissue fraction of the trabecular bone (HTFTB, %) and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Histomorphometric measurements showed the following results: Mean HTFTB of IRA 3-4 was 44.08%, of IRA 4-5 31.07%, of IRA 5-6 33.96%, of IRA 6-7 36.33% and of IRA 7d 25.40%. Only the difference between the HTFTB of IRA 3-4 and the other IRAs was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Regarding the minimum and maximum HTFTB value of each IRA, there was a great amount of difference, especially for IRA 3-4: minimum HTFTB was 17.20% and maximum 67.03%. CONCLUSION: Apart from the IRA between canine and first premolar, the HTFTB in the IRAs of the lateral maxilla have to be classified as low or even moderate. IRA 3-4 should also be considered cautious regarding its minimum values. Thus, it seems that the interradicular trabecular bone density of the lateral maxilla is unfavorable to achieve a good primary stability of TADs